Textile roll



i7 be H. W. PRENTIS. JR

TEXTILE ROLL Filed Oct. 7, 1952 Patented June 30, 1936 UNETED STATESPATENT OFFICE TEXTELE ROLL Application October 7, 1932, Serial No.636,677

13 Claims.

The present invention relates to textile rolls and more particularly totextile rolls having working surfaces of compressed artificial cork.

The invention is illustrated as applied to the drawing rolls used on thespinning frame but it will be understood that it may be employed onother rolls in the textile industry. The drawing rolls on the spinningframe .are disposed in pairs, the lower roll usually having a metal faceand the complementary upper roll having a non-slipping surface. Theserolls with non-slipping surfaces are commonly disposed above the metalface rolls and are, therefore, known as top rolls. Heretofore the topdrawing rolls have been covered with leather provided with a feltbacking or lining to increase the resiliency. These leather coveringsare of quite limited life andthe recovering of the rolls is aspecialized task.

In recent years coverings made of composition cork have been graduallyreplacing the old type leather coverings. Seamless cork cots made inaccordance with Busch Patent No. 1,532,682 have proved quitesatisfactory. The Busch cot is made from blocks of cork composition. Thesleeve or cot is died or punched from the compressed cork composition sothat the cork granules which are fiattened by compression when theblocks are formed lie at an angle to the working surface of the roll.The advantages of such composition cork as a working face for textilerolls is fully discussed in the Busch patent and commercial use andacceptance by the mills has proved these advantages. The Busch cots,however, are somewhat expensive to produce, due to the waste attendingthe punching of the tubular sleeves from solid cork blocks.

It has also been proposed to form cork coverings for textile rolls byapplying a layer of composition cork to a backing of vulcanized fiber.The cork and fiber are secured together by glue. The vulcanized fiber issubstantially unyielding and the problem of applying and securing thecoverings to the rolls is serious. The diameter of the rolls variesconsiderably. It is not unusual for a single mill to have rolls whichvary as much as one thirty-second of an inch in diameter. Textile cotswhich have a base or inside layer of hard unyielding material must be soproduced that the internal diameter of the cot is substantially equal tothe diameter of the roll. If the diameter of the roll is greater, it isimpossible to force the cot onto the roll without breakage. If the rollis smaller, the cot will break loose from the roll under compression;the bonding agent being broken by flexing as the roll is rotated underpressure. It will be apparent, therefore, that cots having hard,substantially inextensible cores are unsatisfactory for textile usagebecause of the problem of applying and securing them to the variouslysized rolls found in current practice.

According to my invention a cork surfaced cot is formed having aresilient backing or core which is readily deformable and permits ofeasy application to rolls varying within wide tolerances. My preferredcot is provided with a substantially inextensible, non-yielding layerinterposed between the resilient core and the outer cork working face.This layer serves as a reenforcing lamella which restricts thedeformation under the pressure of application to the resilient core, andprevents any strains incident to forcing the cot onto an oversizedspindle from being transmitted to the outer working layer. Consequently,the outer diameter of the cot remains unchanged even when applied to anoversized spindle. The reeinforcing layer is particularly advantageouswhen the outer working surface of the cot is formed of a wrapped corkfacing layer. It obviates open joints or seams which might otherwiseoccur due to stretching of the outer layer.

The core should be resilient, readily deformable under compression andshould preferably possess a relatively high coefficient of friction. Acore of this character permits forcing of the cot onto oversized rollswith subsequent expansion of the core and frictional gripping of theroll, thus firmly holding the cot in position.

My invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawing illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention and certainmodifications thereof, in which,

Figure 1 is a plan view of the usual top roll for a spinning frameprovided with my cork covering;

Figure 2 is an oblique view showing a modified cot structure;

Figure 3 is a sectional View taken along the lines IIIIII of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the lines IV--IV of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is an oblique view showing a modified form of covering;

Figure 6 is a plan view, partly broken away, illustrating a furthermodification of my inven tion; and

Figure '7 is a sectional view illustrating a modified form of covering.

Referring to the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, there isshown a pair of cots 2 mounted on a roll 3 of the usual type. The cot 2is shown in section in Figure 3, and comprises V humid atmosphere g theflattened cork particles'lie in a plane suba working surface layer 4, areenforcing lamella and a core The working layer 4 is preferably formedof' a cork ribbon such as is described in Busch Patent No. 1 ,64'6,187.?The composition for producing such ribbon may be formed by mixing 100pounds of granulated cork with pounds of glycerine and 5 'pounds'ofgelatin. The cork should preferably be of a size which will passthrough'a 14 mesh 'to the inch'screen and be retained on a mesh to theinch screen. The cork and the glycerine-gelatin binder are thoroughlymixed and about '20 ounces of commercial formaldehyde is added tocoagulate the binder. The mass is then placed in a suitable mold andcompressed to approximately A; of its initial size. 'The mass whileconfined in the mold is heated to about 250 F. to set the binder. Othertypes of binders may be substituted for the glycerine-gelatin binderprovided they produce a composition cork which is flexible and does notdisintegrate under the ofrthe cotton mills where the rolls are used. 7 1.j

Although I prefer ,to use a cork composition suchas is above described,a composition in which stantially parallel tothe working face maybe usedsuch as ribbon'formed of ordinary gasket composition in which thedirection of compres- "sion is substantially parallelwith the face ofthe ribbon. When such a cork composition is employed, it is preferableto use a finer granulation granules under humid conditions. a

The reenforcing layer 5 is preferably fabric.

A double faced adhesive tape as shown in Figure 3, has proved highlysatisfactory for this purpose. Such a tape comprises an open mesh fabricprovided oneither side with a suitable adhesive, such for example as.glue. 7 In place of fabric, tough kraft paper, metal foil, vulcanizedfiber or even reticulated metal may be employed. The reenforcing layershould preferably be substantially inextensible 'Thereenforcement may beformed of two or more layers if desired.

The backing layer 6 of my preferred cot is made of composition corkwhich is firm, yet possesses a relatively high degree ofcompressibility. A'cork ribbon similar tothepreferred working materialforms a highiy satisfactory backing layer. A relatively cheapengrade ofcork composition may be used the core so long as it has sufiicientdeformabilitg to permit application of the cots strip is formed.

to rolls varying within coarse limits.. A ribbon of cork compositionhaving arubber binder forms a highly frictional, resilient backing whichis satisfactory for my purpose A relatively soft rubber core layer maybe employed with good resuits, f r j The core and reenforcing may beformed as a compound sheet. This may be'conv'eniently produced bycalendering the core forming material upon a fabric, paper or otherreenforcing web and thereafter cutting the thus formed sheet into thedesired ribbon or strip. In some instances it will be found desirable tofduplez the core layer to the reenforcing layer as by adhesivelysecuring. the reenforcing web to the core layer. This may be done beforeor after theribbon or The backinglayer 6 may be thinner than the facinglayer The working layer is usually thicker in order that the cots may berefinished 'by bufling from time to time as they become worn. When theworking and backing layers are of similar cork composition and thereen-' forcement is gummed tape, as illustrated in Figure 3, the backingmay be h" thick and the facing' thick. 7 V 5? The cots may be readilyproduced by helically wrapping ribbons of the various materials upon arevolving mandrel. According to my preferred method, a layer of oiledpaper is first helically wound over the mandrel to prevent the corelayer from sticking thereto andto permit ready removal of the completedtube from the mandrel. If a collapsible mandrel is used, however, theoiled paper may be omitted. The backing layer 6 is helically wrappedover the paper; no adhesive being appliedto this layer during thewinding operation. Theedges of the ribbon are forced 20 the mandrel andto either end of the ribbon. The

reenforcinglayer 5 is next applied over the backing layer 6'." Whendouble faced gummed adhesive tape is used, it may simply be wetted onone side and then helically Wrapped over the backing layer. reenforcingribbon be employed, an adhesive is appliedto the entire under surfac e.In son te instances it may be found advantageous to apply the adhesiveto the previously wound core layer. The adhesive ma be applied by meansof a brush while revolving the spindle over which the core layerhas beenwound- I A flexible tenacious binder should be used which is notaffected by humidity. A highly satisfactory cement for this purpose maybe produced by forming a manila gum solution having a specific gravityof about .952 to .975 at 75? E. This may be produced by mixing 158partsby weight of manila gum with 10 0 parts by weight of ethyl alcohol.To each gallon of manila. gum solution as preparedabove is mixed 1.65pounds of finely pulverized kaolin. This produces a water resist- Ifvulcanized fiber, kraft paper or other ant tough fiexible cement, whichsets in about twelve hours. A'suitable flexiblized gelatin adforcing beemployed, the helicesof the core and reenforcing will, of co'urse, be ofthe same :hand. ilhe working 'or face layer is helically wound over thereenforcin 'layer, with the helicespref erably of opposite hand. Theadhesive may be applied to the under surface of thelgworking layer or,if gummed fabric beused, the outer surface tion of the working layer.,The adhesive which is used to secure the working layer is forced outbetween the joints and firm y secures the adjacent edges of the ribbon.Considerable pressure is applied so that the abutting edges are forcedinto close engagement with one another and a good tight joint isinsured. The working surfacemay be formed by building up a plurality oflayers of helically wound ribbons and a par- ,of the fabric is simplywetted prior to applicaticularlyi strong structure will result where thehelices of adjacent ribbons are of opposite hand.

In Figure 1, the. direction of the helices of the core layer Band thereenforcingllamella '5 are indicatedby dotted lines. The-core layer isprovided with a. right handhelix indicated at C. The reenforcing layeris wound in the opposite direction; the direction of the helix indicatedby the letter R. The facing layer is wound in the same direction as thecore layer, and the direction of the helix is shown by the line .F.

After thelayers are wound on and the adhesive permitted to set, the tubeis removed from the mandrel and the paper liner is pulled from theinside of the tube. The tubes thus produced are cut to the desired cotlengths for use in the textile mills. The cot 2 is slipped over the roll3 to which a suitablecement may be firstapplied. The cot may befrictionally held in place on the roll if desired, in which case, theinternal diameter of the cot should be slightly less than the diameterof. the roll to which it is to be applied. The rolls are held in centerson a suitable buffing apparatus while the working face is finished toproduce a smooth cylindrical surface. This insures an absoluteparallelism between the cylindrical surface of the two cots mounted onthe same roll and insures even continuous lines of contact between thecork working surface and the bottom roll so that the fiber for even thefinest yarns is drawn uniformly.

Figures 2 and 4 illustrate a modified cork cot which comprises a corkcomposition working layer I, an intermediate reenforcing 8 ofimpregnated fiber and a backing 9 of rubber or rubber composition. Thistype of cot may be produced in a manner similar to my preferred cot. Inthe illustrations, the layers are shown as being helically wound inopposite directions. The reenforcement, however, may be in the form of aseamless tube which is slipped over the backing or core layer 9 and.held in position by friction or by the aid of an adhesive. The corelayer may be in the form of a rubber tube formed by extrusion orotherwise as is well known in the rubber tube making art.

In some instances the reenforcing layer may be omitted. In Figure 5 Ihave illustrated a helically wrapped textile cot provided with a corkcomposition working surface [0 and a relatively thick soft rubber corelayer II. It is preferable in such a structure to have the core layerrelatively soft and resilient in order to prevent the transmission ofharmful strains from the core layer to the facing layer which wouldresult in open joints or seams. For example, the facing layer may bethick and the core 3%" thick.

In Figure 6, I have illustrated a roll covering in which the reenforcinglayer I2 is formed of cork composition which may be of a charactersimilar to the cork composition working surface l3. The layers may behelically wrapped, with the helices of opposite hand, over a backing ofrubber indicated at M. In this modified type of covering, the core layermay be formed by wrapping the same squarely around the mandrel andthereafter helically wrapping on the reenforcing and facing layers. Thecovering may be formed by applying the core layer directly to therolland thereafter securing, by friction or with adhesive, a preformed cotprovided with a cork composition working surface and a reenforcing whichis less compressible and extensible than the core.

A cot having a cork composition working surface 15, a metallicreenforcing ribbon l6 and a compressible and expansible core I! isillustrated in Figure 7.

a In the drawing, the joints where the edges of the cork ribbon abut areshown in relatively 5 heavy lines for purposes of illustration. In thefinal cork cot after grinding, however, the lines of demarcation wherethe edges abut are almost invisible. Such a fine tight joint is obtainedthat one viewing a completed cot without the aid of a magnifying glasswould be led to believe it to be seamless.

While I have illustrated and described the pres ent preferred embodimentof my invention and the method of carrying the same into effect withparticular reference to specific examples, it will be understood that myinvention is not so limited but may be otherwise practiced and embodiedwithin the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A cot for textile rolls comprising acylindrical body having acompressible and expansible core, a composition cork working surface,and a substantially intextensible intermediate reenforcing for confiningto the core the stresses incident to application of the cot to a roll.

2. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having acompressible and expansible core, a composition cork working surface,and a substantially inextensible fibrous intermediate reen- 30 forcingfor confining to the core the stresses incident to application of thecot to a roll.

3. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having acompressible and expansible core, a composition cork working surface,and a fabric intermediate reenforcing for confining to the core thestresses incident to the application of the cot to a roll.

4. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having acompressible and expansible core, a composition cork working surfaceformed of a helically disposed cork strip and a substantiallyinextensible intermediate reenforcing, adjacent layers being adhesivelysecured together to form a unitary structure.

5. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having aworking surface formed of a composition cork ribbon, a core layer formedof composition cork, and a fibrous reenforcing layer intermediate theworking surface and the core for confining to the core the stressesincident to the application of the cot to a roll, the adjacent layersbeing adhesively secured to each other and being helically disposed.

6. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having aworking surface formed of a composition cork strip, a core layer formedof composition cork, and a fibrous reenforcing layer intermediate theworking surface and the core for confining to the core the stressesincident to the 60 application of the cot to a roll, the adjacent layersbeing adhesively secured to each other and being helically disposed withthe helices of adjacent layers being of opposite hand.

7. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical 65 body having acomposition cork working surface,

a compressible and expansible core, and a metallic reenforcinginterposed between the working surface and the core.

8. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical body having acomposition cork working surface,

a compressible and expansible core, and an interposed reenforcing layerformed of a helically disposed metallic ribbon.

9. A cot for textile rolls comprising a cylindrical 7 body having a.working tece fonned o! the exposed V granulesiof a composition corkstrip helicel'lydiscal body having a. working face formed 01' theexposed granules of a. composition cork ribbon helicallydisposed, a,core formed of a; helically disposed ribbon of composition cork, and aninter-V 'posed reenforcing formed of a, helically disposed ribbon ofdouble gummed fabric tape for confining to the core the stressesincidentto the appiication of the cot to aroll. r r

11. A cot ior textile rolls comprising acylindrical body havingoaworking face formed of the exposed granules of Va, composition cork:strip helically disposed; erubberoore, and a, fibrous reenforcinginterposed between the working surface and the core andadhesivelysecured thereto, said reeniorcing serving tolconfine to thecore the stresses incident to the applicstion the cot to a. roll.

12. A can cut for textile rolls com risin a cylindrical body having acork composition core, a, restricting layer secured to the core andserving tor confining to the core the strains incident to r theapplication of the cot to a. roll and a helically disposed corkcomposition strip forming the working surface secured to the restrictinglayer.

' secured to the composition cork and serving to confine to the core thestrains incident to the application of the cot to a roll, and ahelically dis posed, ribbon of composition cork forming the workingsurface adhesively secured to said reenforcing material, the-helices ofadjacent layers being of opposite hand.

'HENNING w. PRENIVIS, nt-

